What Is a DNS Server?


One of the most important jobs in technology is translating between computers and humans. The pretty pictures you see on your screen, the easy-to-read menus, and the colorful icons you tap or click are all translated into numbers in one way or another, so the computer or another device can understand them. Much the same thing happens when you interact with the internet, which is just an enormous collection of computers talking to one another. Every time you bring up a webpage, you're doing it through a "translator" called a DNS server.

What Is a DNS Server?
As far as your computer is concerned, there's no such place as www.techwalla.com or www.google.com. Those sites have numerical addresses, a double-digit series of numbers called an Internet Protocol, or IP, address. Computers process those numbers in a flash, tracing them from a top-level server – one that contains every .com address, for example, or every .gov address – to the actual site, wherever it's hosted. That's fine for a computer or smartphone, but not so good for humans. Imagine if you had to find your way to somebody's house by memorizing its exact latitude and longitude, and you get the rough idea of the complexity. It's much easier for humans to remember a catchy or informative site name than a number, but catchy names don't work for the computer. A DNS server is the piece of software that translates the name you know and type into its numerical IP address.

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